See verbo on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "la",
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},
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],
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"verb"
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[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"tags": [
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],
"wikipedia": [
"an:verbo"
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}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɾbo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɾbo"
}
],
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}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "it",
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},
"expansion": "Italian verbo",
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{
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{
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"1": "eo",
"2": "la",
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},
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}
],
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{
"form": "verbon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verboj",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verbojn",
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{
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
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{
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{
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{
"word": "verba"
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[
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[
"verb",
"verb"
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
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"sense": "parts of speech",
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{
"word": "adjektivo"
},
{
"word": "artikolo"
},
{
"word": "adverbo"
},
{
"word": "konjunkcio"
},
{
"word": "interjekcio"
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{
"word": "numeralo"
},
{
"word": "participo"
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{
"word": "partikulo"
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{
"word": "postpozicio"
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{
"word": "prepozicio"
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{
"word": "pronomo"
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{
"word": "substantivo"
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],
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"linguistics",
"sciences"
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"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-verbo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈverbo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-erbo"
}
],
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}
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"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
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},
"expansion": "Latin verbum",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbum.",
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{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
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],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
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"verb"
],
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"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
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]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "eo",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Esperanto verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "en",
"3": "verb"
},
"expansion": "English verb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "verbe"
},
"expansion": "French verbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verb"
},
"expansion": "German Verb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Italian verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
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"3": "verbum"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
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"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Esperanto verbo, from English verb, French verbe, German Verb, Italian verbo, Spanish verbo, ultimately from Latin verbum from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
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{
"form": "verbi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
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},
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{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
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"expansion": "verbo (plural verbi)",
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],
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{
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "verboformo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
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[
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"logic"
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[
"verb",
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],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
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"word": "vortospeci"
},
{
"word": "adjektivo"
},
{
"word": "adverbo"
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{
"word": "artiklo"
},
{
"word": "konjunciono"
},
{
"word": "interjeciono"
},
{
"word": "substantivo"
},
{
"word": "nombro"
},
{
"word": "numeralo"
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{
"word": "partikulo"
},
{
"word": "participo"
},
{
"word": "postpoziciono"
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{
"word": "prepoziciono"
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{
"word": "pronomo"
}
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"linguistics",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
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]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
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{
"form": "verbos",
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]
}
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},
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"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "verbo (plural verbos)",
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}
],
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"pos": "noun",
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{
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{
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}
],
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{
"english": "The Word",
"word": "le Verbo"
}
],
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"verb"
],
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]
],
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{
"word": "verbal"
},
{
"word": "verbose"
},
{
"word": "adverbio"
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{
"word": "proverbio"
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]
}
],
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "converbo"
}
],
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{
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},
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"args": {
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
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},
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},
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"args": {
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"t": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”), from root *werh₁- (“to speak, to say”) + extension *-dʰh₁.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbi)",
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],
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],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "avverbio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "proverbio"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "verbale"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aggettivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "articolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "congiunzione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "interiezione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "interjezione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nome aggettivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nome sostantivo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "numero"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "particella"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "preposizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pronome"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "sostantivo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Parts of speech",
"orig": "it:Parts of speech",
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},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "42 7 11 22 9 10",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "54 5 8 18 7 8",
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A verb expresses something done by one, or more [people]; such as amo, contemplo, [and] amarono, contemplarono",
"ref": "1526, Niccolò Liburnio, “La qualità dell’opera, e la divisione per lo medesimo Messer Niccolò Liburnio [The quality of the work, and the division [thereof] by Sir Niccolò Liburnio himself]”, in Le tre fontane, page 3:",
"text": "Verbo dimoſtra qualche coſa ò per alcuno, ò per alcuni fatta; com’è; Amo, Contemplo; Amarono, Contemplarono",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Should the youths have difficulty recognizing whether the verb is active or passive, they can be made to observe, in the declension, whether the first, or second, or third person performs or experiences the action",
"ref": "1744, Jacopo Angelo Nelli, “Del modo di conoscere l'Attivo ed il Passivo [How to recognize the active and the passive]”, in Grammatica italiana: per uso de' giovanetti [Italian Grammar: for use by young people], Turin: Stamperia Reale, Del Verbo, page 40:",
"text": "QUando ſi trovaſſe difficoltà ne’ giovanetti in conoſcer, quando il verbo è attivo, o paſſivo, potrà loro farſi oſſervare nella declinazione […] ſe la prima perſona, o ſeconda, o terza fa, o ſoffre l’azione",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"id": "en-verbo-it-noun-aAb4ahfw",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "92 8",
"sense": "parts of speech",
"word": "parte del discorso"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "it:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "it:Theology",
"parents": [
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"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the beginning was the Word,\nthe Word was with God\nand the Word was God.",
"ref": "[90-110], Giovanni [John], Bibbia [Bible], volume Nuovo Testamento [New Testament] (canonical gospel), Vangelo secondo Giovanni [Gospel according to John], chapter 1, verse 1, lines 1–3:",
"text": "In principio era il Verbo,\nil Verbo era presso Dio\ne il Verbo era Dio.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"id": "en-verbo-it-noun-mMHrTuk0",
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, religion, dated in other senses) word"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in other senses"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "parola"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛr.bo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrbo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:verbo"
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun form",
"head": "verbō"
},
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"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
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],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "verbum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative singular of verbum"
],
"id": "en-verbo-la-noun-9602vMSH",
"links": [
[
"verbum",
"verbum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.boː/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrboː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.bo/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrbo]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werh₁-",
"4": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbō"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*werβom",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werdʰh₁om",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbō, dative/ablative singular of verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”), from *werh₁- (“to speak, say”), with the extension *-dʰh₁ (“to do, put, place”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "verbo",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ver‧bo"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Only used in a verbo (“the main grammatical forms of a verb”)"
],
"id": "en-verbo-nb-adv-sKCBVU-e",
"links": [
[
"a verbo",
"a verbo#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʋɛrbɔ/"
},
{
"audio": "NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «verbo».ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrbɔ"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum",
"4": "",
"5": "word, verb"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbum (“word, verb”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*werβom",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werdʰo-",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese verbo, vervo, from Latin verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ver‧bo"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "verbal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "verbalizar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "verborragia"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "pt:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"id": "en-verbo-pt-noun-aAb4ahfw",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 51 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"language, use of words"
],
"id": "en-verbo-pt-noun-kBgBlze6",
"links": [
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now uncommon) language, use of words"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "linguagem"
},
{
"word": "palavra"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"saying, proverb, maxim"
],
"id": "en-verbo-pt-noun-6QutFqLU",
"links": [
[
"saying",
"saying"
],
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"maxim",
"maxim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) saying, proverb, maxim"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ditado"
},
{
"word": "provérbio"
},
{
"word": "máxima"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "pt:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Theology",
"orig": "pt:Theology",
"parents": [
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"All topics",
"Culture",
"Fundamental",
"Society"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "John 1:1-4\nNo princípio era o Verbo (...)\nIn the beginning was the Word (...)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Word"
],
"id": "en-verbo-pt-noun-Oihg7OWk",
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"Word",
"Word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, religion) Word"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɦ.bu]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɦ.bu]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɻ.bo/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin verbum",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werdʰo-",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin verbum, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ver‧bo"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 10 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "es:Grammar",
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"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Parts of speech",
"orig": "es:Parts of speech",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "el verbo echar echa la hache por la ventana"
},
{
"word": "en un verbo"
},
{
"word": "verbo activo"
},
{
"word": "verbo adjetivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo auxiliar"
},
{
"word": "verbo causativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo copulativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo de apoyo"
},
{
"word": "verbo defectivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo deponente"
},
{
"word": "verbo determinado"
},
{
"word": "verbo determinante"
},
{
"word": "verbo factitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo frequentativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo impersonal"
},
{
"word": "verbo incoativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo intransitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo irregular"
},
{
"word": "verbo iterativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo neutro"
},
{
"word": "verbo pasivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo pronominado"
},
{
"word": "verbo pronominal"
},
{
"word": "verbo recíproco"
},
{
"word": "verbo reflejo"
},
{
"word": "verbo reflexivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo regular"
},
{
"word": "verbo reiterativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo semideponente"
},
{
"word": "verbo sustantivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo terciopersonal"
},
{
"word": "verbo transitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo unipersonal"
}
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"id": "en-verbo-es-noun-aAb4ahfw",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɾbo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbeɾ.β̞o]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɾbo"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbum.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "verbo m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m",
"name": "an-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ver‧bo"
],
"lang": "Aragonese",
"lang_code": "an",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Aragonese lemmas",
"Aragonese masculine nouns",
"Aragonese nouns",
"Aragonese terms derived from Latin",
"Aragonese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Aragonese/eɾbo",
"Rhymes:Aragonese/eɾbo/2 syllables",
"an:Parts of speech"
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"an:verbo"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɾbo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɾbo"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "verba"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "fr",
"3": "verbe"
},
"expansion": "French verbe",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "it",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Italian verbo",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "en",
"3": "verb"
},
"expansion": "English verb",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French verbe, Italian verbo and English verb, ultimately from Latin verbum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbon",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "verboj",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "verbojn",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "verbo (accusative singular verbon, plural verboj, accusative plural verbojn)",
"name": "eo-head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ver‧bo"
],
"lang": "Esperanto",
"lang_code": "eo",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "parts of speech",
"word": "vortspeco"
},
{
"word": "adjektivo"
},
{
"word": "artikolo"
},
{
"word": "adverbo"
},
{
"word": "konjunkcio"
},
{
"word": "interjekcio"
},
{
"word": "numeralo"
},
{
"word": "participo"
},
{
"word": "partikulo"
},
{
"word": "postpozicio"
},
{
"word": "prepozicio"
},
{
"word": "pronomo"
},
{
"word": "substantivo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Esperanto BRO8",
"Esperanto GCSE14",
"Esperanto entries with incorrect language header",
"Esperanto lemmas",
"Esperanto nouns",
"Esperanto terms borrowed from English",
"Esperanto terms borrowed from French",
"Esperanto terms borrowed from Italian",
"Esperanto terms derived from English",
"Esperanto terms derived from French",
"Esperanto terms derived from Italian",
"Esperanto terms derived from Latin",
"Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Esperanto/erbo",
"Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto",
"eo:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"eo:verbo"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q143 (epo)-Lepticed7-verbo.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cf/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav/LL-Q143_%28epo%29-Lepticed7-verbo.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈverbo]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-erbo"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician masculine nouns",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"gl:Parts of speech"
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"wikipedia": [
"gl:verbo"
]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "verboformo"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "eo",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Esperanto verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "en",
"3": "verb"
},
"expansion": "English verb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "fr",
"3": "verbe"
},
"expansion": "French verbe",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "de",
"3": "Verb"
},
"expansion": "German Verb",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "it",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Italian verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "es",
"3": "verbo"
},
"expansion": "Spanish verbo",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Latin verbum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werdʰo-",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Esperanto verbo, from English verb, French verbe, German Verb, Italian verbo, Spanish verbo, ultimately from Latin verbum from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbi",
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"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "noun",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "verbo",
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{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
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"lang": "Ido",
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{
"sense": "parts of speech",
"word": "vortospeci"
},
{
"word": "adjektivo"
},
{
"word": "adverbo"
},
{
"word": "artiklo"
},
{
"word": "konjunciono"
},
{
"word": "interjeciono"
},
{
"word": "substantivo"
},
{
"word": "nombro"
},
{
"word": "numeralo"
},
{
"word": "partikulo"
},
{
"word": "participo"
},
{
"word": "postpoziciono"
},
{
"word": "prepoziciono"
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{
"word": "pronomo"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
"Ido entries with incorrect language header",
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"Ido terms derived from English",
"Ido terms derived from Esperanto",
"Ido terms derived from French",
"Ido terms derived from German",
"Ido terms derived from Italian",
"Ido terms derived from Latin",
"Ido terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ido terms derived from Spanish",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"io:Grammar",
"io:Logic"
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"logic",
"logic"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, logic) verb"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"logic",
"mathematics",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "The Word",
"word": "le Verbo"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
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"5": "plural",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "verbo (plural verbos)",
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{
"word": "verbal"
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{
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{
"word": "adverbio"
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{
"word": "proverbio"
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"verb"
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[
"verb",
"verb"
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]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
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{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms derived from Latin",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Italian terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werdʰh₁o-",
"Italian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁-",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛrbo",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛrbo/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "converbo"
}
],
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
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},
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"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "la",
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"expansion": "Latin verbum (“word, verb”)",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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{
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"t": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”), from root *werh₁- (“to speak, to say”) + extension *-dʰh₁.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbi",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbi)",
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],
"hyphenation": [
"vèr‧bo"
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "avverbio"
},
{
"word": "proverbio"
},
{
"word": "verbale"
},
{
"word": "verboso"
},
{
"sense": "parts of speech",
"word": "parte del discorso"
},
{
"word": "aggettivo"
},
{
"word": "articolo"
},
{
"word": "congiunzione"
},
{
"word": "interiezione"
},
{
"word": "interjezione"
},
{
"word": "nome"
},
{
"word": "nome aggettivo"
},
{
"word": "nome sostantivo"
},
{
"word": "numero"
},
{
"word": "particella"
},
{
"word": "preposizione"
},
{
"word": "pronome"
},
{
"word": "sostantivo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian terms with quotations",
"it:Parts of speech"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "A verb expresses something done by one, or more [people]; such as amo, contemplo, [and] amarono, contemplarono",
"ref": "1526, Niccolò Liburnio, “La qualità dell’opera, e la divisione per lo medesimo Messer Niccolò Liburnio [The quality of the work, and the division [thereof] by Sir Niccolò Liburnio himself]”, in Le tre fontane, page 3:",
"text": "Verbo dimoſtra qualche coſa ò per alcuno, ò per alcuni fatta; com’è; Amo, Contemplo; Amarono, Contemplarono",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "Should the youths have difficulty recognizing whether the verb is active or passive, they can be made to observe, in the declension, whether the first, or second, or third person performs or experiences the action",
"ref": "1744, Jacopo Angelo Nelli, “Del modo di conoscere l'Attivo ed il Passivo [How to recognize the active and the passive]”, in Grammatica italiana: per uso de' giovanetti [Italian Grammar: for use by young people], Turin: Stamperia Reale, Del Verbo, page 40:",
"text": "QUando ſi trovaſſe difficoltà ne’ giovanetti in conoſcer, quando il verbo è attivo, o paſſivo, potrà loro farſi oſſervare nella declinazione […] ſe la prima perſona, o ſeconda, o terza fa, o ſoffre l’azione",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"verb"
],
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[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
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"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Italian links with redundant alt parameters",
"Italian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Italian terms with quotations",
"it:Religion",
"it:Theology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In the beginning was the Word,\nthe Word was with God\nand the Word was God.",
"ref": "[90-110], Giovanni [John], Bibbia [Bible], volume Nuovo Testamento [New Testament] (canonical gospel), Vangelo secondo Giovanni [Gospel according to John], chapter 1, verse 1, lines 1–3:",
"text": "In principio era il Verbo,\nil Verbo era presso Dio\ne il Verbo era Dio.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"word"
],
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"word",
"word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, religion, dated in other senses) word"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in other senses"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "parola"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛr.bo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrbo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"it:verbo"
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbō",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "verbō"
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],
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{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
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"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
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],
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{
"word": "verbum"
}
],
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"dative/ablative singular of verbum"
],
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[
"verbum",
"verbum#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈu̯er.boː/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈu̯ɛrboː]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈver.bo/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛrbo]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
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}
{
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{
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"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin verbō, dative/ablative singular of verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (“word”), from *werh₁- (“to speak, say”), with the extension *-dʰh₁ (“to do, put, place”).",
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{
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],
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[
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],
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{
"audio": "NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «verbo».ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/NB_-_Pronunciation_of_Norwegian_Bokm%C3%A5l_%C2%ABverbo%C2%BB.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrbɔ"
}
],
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}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
"Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "verbo"
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"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese verbo",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"5": "word, verb"
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"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese verbo, vervo, from Latin verbum (“word, verb”), from Proto-Italic *werβom (“word”), from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
],
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"args": {
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"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
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],
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"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "verbal"
},
{
"word": "verbalizar"
},
{
"word": "verborragia"
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],
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{
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"verb"
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[
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"grammar"
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"verb"
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],
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"(grammar) verb"
],
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],
"topics": [
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"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
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],
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[
"language",
"language"
],
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"word",
"word"
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],
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"(now uncommon) language, use of words"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "linguagem"
},
{
"word": "palavra"
}
],
"tags": [
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"uncommon"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"saying, proverb, maxim"
],
"links": [
[
"saying",
"saying"
],
[
"proverb",
"proverb"
],
[
"maxim",
"maxim"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) saying, proverb, maxim"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ditado"
},
{
"word": "provérbio"
},
{
"word": "máxima"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Portuguese terms with usage examples",
"pt:Religion",
"pt:Theology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "John 1:1-4\nNo princípio era o Verbo (...)\nIn the beginning was the Word (...)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Word"
],
"links": [
[
"theology",
"theology"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"Word",
"Word"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theology, religion) Word"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion",
"theology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɦ.bu]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɦ.bu]",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"São-Paulo"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛʁ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Rio-de-Janeiro"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɻ.bo/",
"tags": [
"Southern-Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈvɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛɾ.bu/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbɛɾ.βu]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "el verbo echar echa la hache por la ventana"
},
{
"word": "en un verbo"
},
{
"word": "verbo activo"
},
{
"word": "verbo adjetivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo auxiliar"
},
{
"word": "verbo causativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo copulativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo de apoyo"
},
{
"word": "verbo defectivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo deponente"
},
{
"word": "verbo determinado"
},
{
"word": "verbo determinante"
},
{
"word": "verbo factitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo frequentativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo impersonal"
},
{
"word": "verbo incoativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo intransitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo irregular"
},
{
"word": "verbo iterativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo neutro"
},
{
"word": "verbo pasivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo pronominado"
},
{
"word": "verbo pronominal"
},
{
"word": "verbo recíproco"
},
{
"word": "verbo reflejo"
},
{
"word": "verbo reflexivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo regular"
},
{
"word": "verbo reiterativo"
},
{
"word": "verbo semideponente"
},
{
"word": "verbo sustantivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo terciopersonal"
},
{
"word": "verbo transitivo"
},
{
"word": "verbo unipersonal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "verbum"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin verbum",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*werdʰo-",
"4": "",
"5": "word"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin verbum, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo- (“word”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "verbos",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "verbo m (plural verbos)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/eɾbo",
"Rhymes:Spanish/eɾbo/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish terms with audio pronunciation",
"es:Grammar",
"es:Parts of speech"
],
"glosses": [
"verb"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) verb"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɾbo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈbeɾ.β̞o]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɾbo"
}
],
"word": "verbo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for verbo meaning in All languages combined (20.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.